High throughput screening of cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases in wound fluid induced by mammary surgery

OBJECTIVE To clarify the composition of wound fluid (WF) and investigate the impact of WF on breast cancer cell lines. METHODS The proliferation and migration of WF-treated breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 were assessed with colony formation test, MTT cell proliferation test and scratch wound test. The quantitative profiles of WF were analyzed using Bio-Plex Pro kits. RESULTS The proliferation and migration of WF-treated breast cancer cells were significantly higher than that of untreated cells. Fifteen cytokines, 29 chemokines and 9 matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were assessed in WF. The concentrations of these factors were influenced by post-surgery days, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), TNM stage, pathological type and molecular subtype. The WF harvested from patients underwent NAC showed significant higher profiles of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-23, IL-25, IL-31, Interferon γ (IFNγ), CD40 ligand (CD40L), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, CCL3, CCL7 and CCL20. CONCLUSIONS Surgery-induced WF promotes the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. The composition of WF is influenced by various clinical features and provides potential therapeutic targets to control local recurrence and tumor progression.